The missing piece in the DSA puzzle? Article 18 of the EMFA and the media privilege
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32091/RIID0173Keywords:
Media privilege, EMFA, Freedom of expression, Media Freedom, DSA, Content moderationAbstract
This article examines the provisions of Articles 18 and 19 of the European Media Freedom Act (EMFA) in relation to the digital governance framework established by the Digital Services Act (DSA), with a particular focus on the media privilege codified in Article 18 of the EMFA. Section 2 analyses the media privilege of Articles 18 and 19 of the EMFA from three perspectives: the requirements for obtaining this privilege and the media entities eligible for it; the functioning of the privilege and its intersections with the DSA provisions; and the transparency in its application, including the role of the Board under Article 19 of the EMFA. Section 3 explores the regulatory framework governing the media privilege in Article 18 of the EMFA and addresses criticisms of this online media privilege. More specifically, it focuses on two main criticisms: the risk of granting this privilege to agents of disinformation and the “constitutional” legitimacy of the privilege. The final remarks summarise the main considerations of the different sections and offer concluding observations.
References
S.A. Allioui (2024), EU Media Freedom Act: the convolutions of the new legislation, EU Law Analysis, 6 June 2024
J. Barata (2022), Protecting Media Content on Social Media Platforms, in “Verfassungsblog: On Matters Constitutional”, 25 November 2022
J. Bayer, K. Cseres (2023),Without Enforcement, the EMFA Is Dead Letter, in “Verfassungsblog: On Matters Constitutional”, 13 June 2023
L. Bertuzzi (2021), Media exemption ruled out in DSA negotiations, but could return, Euractiv, 2021
M. Cappello (ed.) (2017), Journalism and Media Privilege, IRIS Special, European Audiovisual Observatory, 2017
P. Cesarini, G. De Gregorio, O. Pollicino (2023), The Media Privilege in the European Media Freedom Act’, in “MediaLaws”, 2023
P. Collings, C. Schmon (2023), EU Media Freedom Act: A Media Privilege in Content Moderation Is a Really Bad Idea, Electronic Frontier Foundation, 12 July 2023
Council of Europe (2021), Guidance Note on the Prioritisation of Public Interest Content Online adopted by the Steering Committee for Media and Information Society (CDMSI) at its 20th plenary meeting, 1-3 December 2021
EU DisinfoLab (2022), DSA: The Proposed Amendments to Article 12 and Recital 38 Should Be Rejected, 2022
EU DisinfoLab (2021), Fact-Checkers and Experts Call on MEPS to Reject a Media Exemption in the DSA, 2021
European Commission (2024), Rule of Law Reports of the European Commission, 24 July 2024
European Commission (2022), 2022 Strengthened Code of Practice on Disinformation, 2022
European Commission (2018), EU Code of Practice on Disinformation, 2018
G. Gosztonyi, F. Gergely Lendvai (2024), Could European Media Freedom Act Solve the Problems of Traditional Media’s Content in the Online Sphere?, in “Informatization Policy”, vol. 31, 2024, n. 1
J. Habermas (2022), Reflections and Hypotheses on a Further Structural Transformation of the Political Public Sphere, in “Theory, Culture & Society”, vol. 9, 2022, n. 4
P. Horwitz (2012), The First Amendment’s Epistemological Problem, in “Washington Law Review”, vol. 87, 2012, n. 2
K. Klafkowska-Waśniowska (2024), Taking Extra Care of the Media? Media Content Moderation under the European Media Freedom Act, in “VerfassungsBlog on Matter Constitutional”, 16 July 2024
M. Monti (2018), Automated Journalism and Freedom of Information: Ethical and Juridical Problems Related to AI in the Press Field, in “Opinio Juris in Comparatione”, vol. 1, 2018, n. 1
I. Nenadić, E. Brogi (2023), Why News Media Need Article 17 of the European Media Freedom Act, Centre for Media Pluralism and Freedom, 16 November 2023
T.M. Nichols (2017), The Death of Expertise: The Campaign Against Established Knowledge and Why it Matters, Oxford University Press, 2017
P. Ortolani (2022), The Digital Services Act, Content Moderation and Dispute Resolution, in “Giustizia Consensuale”, 2022, n. 2
OSCE (2023), Joint Declaration on Media Freedom and Democracy, 2 May 2023
J. Oster (2015), Media Freedom as a Fundamental Right, Cambridge University Press, 2015
N. Pailleux (2021), Don’t Open the Door to Disinformation: Reject the Media Exemption in the DSA, in “CheckFirst”, December 2021
C. Papaevangelou (2023), ‘The Non-Interference Principle’: Debating Online Platforms’ Treatment of Editorial Content in the European Union’s Digital Services Act, in “European Journal of Communication”, vol. 38, 2023, n. 5
R.C. Post (2013), Democracy, Expertise, and Academic Freedom: A First Amendment Jurisprudence for the Modern State, Yale University Press, Reprint edition, 2013
P.L. Sacco (2011), Culture 3.0: A New Perspective for the EU 2014-2020 Structural Funds Programming, EENC Paper, April 2011
M. Seeliger, S. Sevignani (2022), A New Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere? An Introduction, in “Theory, Culture & Society”, vol. 39, 2022, n. 4
T. Seipp, R.Ó. Fathaigh, M. van Drunen (2023), Defining the ‘Media’ in Europe: Pitfalls of the Proposed European Media Freedom Act, in “Journal of Media Law”, vol. 15, 2023, n. 1
D. Tambini (2021), What Is Journalism? The Paradox of Media Privilege, in “European Human Rights Law Review”, vol. 5, 2021
M.Z. Van Drunen et al. (2023), What Can a Media Privilege Look like? Unpacking Three Versions in the EMFA, in “Journal of Media Law”, vol. 15, 2023, n. 2
S.R. West (2014), Press Exceptionalism, in “Harvard Law Review”, vol. 127, 2014, n. 8
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Rivista italiana di informatica e diritto

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.